12 Star 86 Fork 2

Jerris / DataStructure

加入 Gitee
与超过 1200万 开发者一起发现、参与优秀开源项目,私有仓库也完全免费 :)
免费加入
克隆/下载
贡献代码
同步代码
取消
提示: 由于 Git 不支持空文件夾,创建文件夹后会生成空的 .keep 文件
Loading...
README
Apache-2.0

DataStructure

介绍

数据结构Java语言实现教学,教科书般的代码,多变的算法例题解析,丰富的注释......

本项目参考教材:
<<数据结构析>> 叶核亚 著
<<数据结构与算法分析 Java语言描述>> [美] Mark Allen Weiss 著
这主要是作者闲暇时光里写的一个项目,主要以数据结构教程为主,也是首个个人开源项目.
适合人群: 考研复习者,刚接触数据结构的大学生,想深入学习数据结构的在职程序员...... 目前还在不断维护中...

软件架构

软件架构说明 这是一个用Maven构建项目,除了一个JUnit Maven依赖,没有用什么第三方类库,这是基本的代码结构截图

顺序表类 顺序表类

字符串类 字符串类

二叉树类 二叉树类

散列表类 散列表类

集合UML类图 集合UML类图

Java集合UML类图 JavaCollectionUML

目录结构

├── 
├── 
├── main.java.cn.element       // 源代码
│   ├── algorithm              // 一些经典的算法题
│   ├── app                    // 一些数据结构的应用,比如说计算表达式
│   ├── common                 // 公共类和接口,例如 Addable<T>
│   ├── graph                  // 图
│   ├── list                   // 线性表
│   ├── matrix                 // 矩阵
│   ├── queue                  // 队列
│   ├── search                 // 查找算法
│   ├── sort                   // 排序算法
│   ├── stack                  // 栈
│   ├── string                 // 串
│   ├── tree                   // 树
├── test                       // 存放一些测试类

安装教程

  1. 直接点击下载源码然后解压到电脑任意位置,再在IDEA或者Eclipse里面打开即可,十分简单

使用说明

  1. 项目里面的每一个包都对应着一个数据结构的实现,例如list表示线性表,包内有顺序表,链表的实现...

参与贡献

  1. 暴躁程序猿老哥倾力打造
  2. 拉取代码 git pull https://gitee.com/Lobidas_Daddy/data-structure
  3. 提交代码 git push https://gitee.com/Lobidas_Daddy/data-structure
  4. 新建 Pull Request

特技

1.打印二叉树的层次结构

/**
 * 二叉树结构示例:
 *              1
 *            /   \
 *          2       3
 *        /   \   /   \
 *       4     5  6    7
 */

工具类BinaryTrees的静态show(BinaryTree tree)方法可以直观清晰地打印二叉树的层次结构

   /**
    * 测试打印二叉树的层次结构
    */
    @Test
    public void test05() {

        String[] preList = {"A","B","D",null,"G",null,null,null,"C","E",null,null,"F","H"};  //先根遍历序列

        BinaryTree<String> tree = new BinaryTree<>(preList);

        BinaryTrees.show(tree);
    }

输出结果:

                        A                        
                    /       \                    
                B               C                
             /               /     \             
          D               E           F          
            \                       /            
              G                   H 

2.论Java如何实现深拷贝?

​ Java语言实现深拷贝通常有以下几种方法:

​ (1) 直接对一个类使用 new 关键字,然后填充要拷贝的源数据的值,此种方法不推荐,十分繁琐!

​ (2) 实现Cloneable接口,重写Object的clone()方法.注意!Cloneable接口里面什么也没有跟Serializable接口一样,它仅仅是一个标识接口而已.clone()方法,默认是浅拷贝,必须要重写!但是假如一个类中有多种引用数据类型,而且这些引用数据类型内部又嵌套了其他的引用数据类型,就跟俄罗斯套娃一样,层层嵌套,用clone()方法实现深拷贝就显得有些捉襟见肘了!所以也不推荐!

What? 你 TM 逗老子玩呢? 这也不行,那也不行,那到底改怎么办? 别急! 听老油条码农娓娓道来!

最终大招! 序列化和反序列化实现深拷贝!

​ (3) 首先先让要拷贝的类实现Serializable接口,上面说了Serializable接口里面什么也没有,仅仅是一种标识接口而已.这表示这个类可以序列化成数据流.我们常用的JSON组件如GSON,Jackson等组件实现了将Java对象转换为JSON数据流返回给前端,或者将前端传给后端的JSON数据转换为Java对象,这其中就用到了序列化和反序列化的知识,只不过它们要转换为JSON格式的而已!在这里,我们仅仅是想把Java对象转为普通数据流而已,Java有默认的序列化方式,我们不必操心.

​ 我们再来说说序列化和反序列化的本质是什么?

​ 序列化和反序列化本质是一种I/O操作,I/O操作必然要调用操作系统内核API,因为一切底层操作必然由操作系统来完成.序列化就是把数据从应用程序所在内存(这里是JVM)拷贝到操作系统内核所在内存,相当于操作系统帮我们完成了拷贝!反序列化刚好与之相反,就是把数据流从操作系统内核所在内存拷贝到应用程序所在内存,然后转为Java对象,就这么简单,这一切操作都相当于操作系统在帮我们完成!

​ 说了这么多废话!直接上代码!为了代码的复用,我们最好在项目里面创建工具类!名称为SerializeUtil,里面有三个方法.

/**
 * 序列化工具类
 */
public class SerializeUtil {

    private static OutputStream os;

    /**
     * 序列化
     */
    public static <T> void serialize(T obj) throws IOException {

        //将对象写到流里面
        os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

        ObjectOutputStream oo = new ObjectOutputStream(os);

        oo.writeObject(obj);
    }

    /**
     * 反序列化
     */
    public static <T> T deserialize(OutputStream os) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {

        //从流里面读取出来
        InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(((ByteArrayOutputStream) os).toByteArray());

        ObjectInputStream oi = new ObjectInputStream(is);

        T obj = (T) oi.readObject();

        os.close();
        is.close();
        oi.close();

        return obj;
    }

    /**
     * 使用序列化和反序列化实现深拷贝
     */
    public static <T> T deepClone(T obj) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {

        serialize(obj);

        return deserialize(os);
    }


}

如何测试是否成功拷贝,很简单,打印两个对象的hashcode比较是否相等,或者直接System.out.println(o1 == o2);比较两个对象是否相等,如果返回false,那么就拷贝成功了!在上面的UML图中可知道所有的集合都继承AbstractCollection类,并实现了Serializable接口!所以可以用此法实现深拷贝!

Apache License Version 2.0, January 2004 http://www.apache.org/licenses/ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 1. Definitions. "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction, and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document. "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by the copyright owner that is granting the License. "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition, "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity. "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity exercising permissions granted by this License. "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications, including but not limited to software source code, documentation source, and configuration files. "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical transformation or translation of a Source form, including but not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation, and conversions to other media types. "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work (an example is provided in the Appendix below). "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of, the Work and Derivative Works thereof. "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted" means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems, and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution." "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and subsequently incorporated within the Work. 2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form. 3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work, where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s) with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You institute patent litigation against any entity (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed. 4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You meet the following conditions: (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or Derivative Works a copy of this License; and (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices stating that You changed the files; and (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and attribution notices from the Source form of the Work, excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of the Derivative Works; and (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or, within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed as modifying the License. You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and may provide additional or different license terms and conditions for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use, reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with the conditions stated in this License. 5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise, any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of this License, without any additional terms or conditions. Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed with Licensor regarding such Contributions. 6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor, except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file. 7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License. 8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor has been advised of the possibility of such damages. 9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer, and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity, or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify, defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work. To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include the brackets!) The text should be enclosed in the appropriate comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a file or class name and description of purpose be included on the same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier identification within third-party archives. Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

简介

工程化数据结构教程,通过本项目,你可以了解到如何自行实现常见的数据结构! 展开 收起
Java
Apache-2.0
取消

发行版

暂无发行版

贡献者

全部

近期动态

加载更多
不能加载更多了
Java
1
https://gitee.com/Lobidas_Daddy/data-structure.git
git@gitee.com:Lobidas_Daddy/data-structure.git
Lobidas_Daddy
data-structure
DataStructure
master

搜索帮助