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Apache-2.0

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MyBatis Mapper

基于 mybatis-mapper/provider( gitee | GitHub ) 实现的通用 Mapper。

项目文档: https://mapper.mybatis.io

1. 快速入门

这是一个不需要任何配置就可以直接使用的通用 Mapper,通过简单的学习就可以直接在项目中使用。

1.1 主要目标

  1. 开箱即用,无需任何配置,继承基类 Mapper 即可获得大量通用方法;
  2. 随心所欲,通过复制粘贴的方式可以组建自己的基类 Mapper;
  3. 全面贴心,提供 Service 层的封装方便业务使用和理解 Mapper;
  4. 简单直观,提供 ActiveRecord 模式,结合 Spring Boot 自动配置直接上手用;
  5. 自定义方法,简单几行代码即可实现自定义通用方法;
  6. 轻松扩展,通过 Java SPI 轻松扩展。

1.2 系统要求

MyBatis Mapper 要求 MyBatis 最低版本为 3.5.1,推荐使用最新版本

和 MyBatis 框架一样,最低需要 Java 8。

1.3 安装

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>io.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-mapper</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.3</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 使用 Service 层封装时 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>io.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-service</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.3</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 使用 ActiveRecord 模式时 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>io.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-activerecord</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.3</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>
dependencies {
  compile("io.mybatis:mybatis-mapper:1.0.3")
  // 使用 Service 层封装时
  compile("io.mybatis:mybatis-service:1.0.3")
  // 使用 ActiveRecord 模式时
  compile("io.mybatis:mybatis-activerecord:1.0.3")
}

1.4 快速设置

MyBatis Mapper 的基本原理是将实体类映射为数据库中的表和字段信息,因此实体类需要通过注解配置基本的元数据,配置好实体后, 只需要创建一个继承基础接口的 Mapper 接口就可以开始使用了。

1.4.1 实体类配置

假设有一个表:

create table user
(
    id   INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY (START WITH 1) PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT 'DEFAULT',
    sex  VARCHAR(2)
);

对应的实体类:

import io.mybatis.provider.Entity;

@Entity.Table("user")
public class User {
  @Entity.Column(id = true)
  private Long   id;
  @Entity.Column("name")
  private String username;
  @Entity.Column
  private String sex;

  //省略set和get方法
}

实体类上 必须添加 @Entity.Table 注解指定实体类对应的表名,建议明确指定表名,不提供表名的时候,使用类名作为表名。 所有属于表中列的字段,必须添加 @Entity.Column 注解,不指定列名时,使用字段名(不做任何转换),通过 id=true 可以标记字段为主键。

@Entity 中包含的这两个注解提供了大量的配置属性,想要使用更多的配置,参考下面 3. @Entity 注解 的内容, 下面是一个简单示例:

@Entity.Table(value = "sys_user", remark = "系统用户", autoResultMap = true)
public class User {
 @Entity.Column(id = true, remark = "主键", updatable = false, insertable = false)
 private Long   id;
 @Entity.Column(value = "name", remark = "帐号")
 private String userName;
 //省略其他
}

1.4.2 Mapper接口定义

有了 User 实体后,直接创建一个继承了 Mapper 的接口即可:

//io.mybatis.mapper.Mapper
public interface UserMapper extends Mapper<User, Long> {
  
}

这个接口只要被 MyBatis 扫描到即可直接使用。

下面是几种常见的扫描配置:

  1. MyBatis 自带的配置文件方式 mybatis-config.xml
 <mappers>
   <!-- 扫描指定的包 -->
   <package name="com.example.mapper"/>
 </mappers>
  1. Spring 中的 spring.xml 配置:
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
  <property name="basePackage" value="com.example.mapper"/>
  <property name="markerInterface" value="io.mybatis.service.mapper.RoleMarker"/>
  <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactoryRole"/>
</bean>
  1. Spring Boot 配置,启动类注解方式:
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootDemoApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(SpringBootDemoApplication.class, args);
  }

}

Spring Boot 中,还可以直接给接口添加 @org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper 注解,增加注解后可以省略 @MapperScan 配置。

1.4.3 使用

定义好接口后,就可以获取 UserMapper 使用,下面是简单示例:

User user = new User();
user.setUserName("测试");
userMapper.insert(user);
//保存后自增id回写,不为空
Assert.assertNotNull(user.getId());
//根据id查询
user = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(user.getId());
//删除
Assert.assertEquals(1, userMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(user.getId()));

看到这里,可以发现除了 MyBatis 自身的配置外,MyBatis Mapper 只需要配置实体类注解, 创建对应的 Mapper 接口就可以直接使用,没有任何繁琐的配置。

上面的示例只是简单的使用了 MyBatis Mapper,还有很多开箱即用的功能没有涉及, 建议在上述示例运行成功后,继续查看本项目其他模块的详细文档,熟悉各部分文档后, 在使用 MyBatis Mapper 时会更得心应手,随心所欲。

2. 示例项目

项目地址: https://github.com/mybatis-mapper/mybatis-mapper-example-springboot

项目目前包含 3 个分支,分别为:

  • master 简单集成
  • baseid 简单封装,所有表都使用名为 id,类型为 bigint 的自增主键
  • shardingsphere 分库分表,支持分库分表的代码生成,每个表有不同的id

通过示例项目可以结合代码生成器自动生成大部分代码,可以用于测试和学习 mybatis-mapper 中的功能。

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