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README
Apache-2.0

EasyCaptcha

MavenCentral Hex.pm

1.简介

 Java图形验证码,支持gif、中文、算术等类型,可用于Java Web、JavaSE等项目。


2.效果展示

验证码    验证码    验证码
验证码    验证码    验证码

算术类型:

验证码    验证码    验证码

中文类型:

验证码    验证码    验证码

内置字体:

验证码    验证码    验证码


3.导入项目

3.1.gradle方式的引入

dependencies {
    compile 'com.github.whvcse:easy-captcha:1.6.2'
}

3.2.maven方式引入

<dependencies>
   <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
      <artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
      <version>1.6.2</version>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.3.jar包下载

easy-captcha-1.6.2.jar

maven导入jar包,在项目根目录创建libs文件夹,然后pom.xml添加如下:

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
  <artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
  <version>1.6.1</version>
  <systemPath>${basedir}/libs/easy-captcha-1.6.2.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>

4.使用方法

4.1.在SpringMVC中使用

@Controller
public class CaptchaController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/captcha")
    public void captcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        CaptchaUtil.out(request, response);
    }
}

前端html代码:

<img src="/captcha" width="130px" height="48px" />

不要忘了把/captcha路径排除登录拦截,比如shiro的拦截。

4.2.在servlet中使用

web.xml中配置servlet:

<web-app>
    <!-- 图形验证码servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>CaptchaServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.wf.captcha.servlet.CaptchaServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>CaptchaServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/captcha</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

前端html代码:

<img src="/captcha" width="130px" height="48px" />

4.3.判断验证码是否正确

@Controller
public class LoginController {
    
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public JsonResult login(String username,String password,String verCode){
        if (!CaptchaUtil.ver(verCode, request)) {
            CaptchaUtil.clear(request);  // 清除session中的验证码
            return JsonResult.error("验证码不正确");
        }
    }   
}

4.4.设置宽高和位数

@Controller
public class CaptchaController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/captcha")
    public void captcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        // 设置位数
        CaptchaUtil.out(5, request, response);
        // 设置宽、高、位数
        CaptchaUtil.out(130, 48, 5, request, response);
        
        // 使用gif验证码
        GifCaptcha gifCaptcha = new GifCaptcha(130,48,4);
        CaptchaUtil.out(gifCaptcha, request, response);
    }
}

4.5.不使用工具类

 CaptchaUtil封装了输出验证码、存session、判断验证码等功能,也可以不使用此工具类:

@Controller
public class CaptchaController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/captcha")
    public void captcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        // 设置请求头为输出图片类型
        response.setContentType("image/gif");
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        
        // 三个参数分别为宽、高、位数
        SpecCaptcha specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48, 5);
        // 设置字体
        specCaptcha.setFont(new Font("Verdana", Font.PLAIN, 32));  // 有默认字体,可以不用设置
        // 设置类型,纯数字、纯字母、字母数字混合
        specCaptcha.setCharType(Captcha.TYPE_ONLY_NUMBER);
        
        // 验证码存入session
        request.getSession().setAttribute("captcha", specCaptcha.text().toLowerCase());
        
        // 输出图片流
        specCaptcha.out(response.getOutputStream());
    }
    
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public JsonResult login(String username,String password,String verCode){
        // 获取session中的验证码
        String sessionCode = request.getSession().getAttribute("captcha");
        // 判断验证码
        if (verCode==null || !sessionCode.equals(verCode.trim().toLowerCase())) {
            return JsonResult.error("验证码不正确");
        }
    }  
}

5.更多设置

5.1.验证码类型

public class Test {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // png类型
        SpecCaptcha captcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48);
        captcha.text();  // 获取验证码的字符
        captcha.textChar();  // 获取验证码的字符数组
        
        // gif类型
        GifCaptcha captcha = new GifCaptcha(130, 48);
        
        // 中文类型
        ChineseCaptcha captcha = new ChineseCaptcha(130, 48);
        
        // 中文gif类型
        ChineseGifCaptcha captcha = new ChineseGifCaptcha(130, 48);
        
        // 算术类型
        ArithmeticCaptcha captcha = new ArithmeticCaptcha(130, 48);
        captcha.setLen(3);  // 几位数运算,默认是两位
        captcha.getArithmeticString();  // 获取运算的公式:3+2=?
        captcha.text();  // 获取运算的结果:5
        
        captcha.out(outputStream);  // 输出验证码
    }
}

注意:
 算术验证码的len表示是几位数运算,而其他验证码的len表示验证码的位数,算术验证码的text()表示的是公式的结果, 对于算术验证码,你应该把公式的结果存储session,而不是公式。

5.2.验证码字符类型

类型 描述
TYPE_DEFAULT 数字和字母混合
TYPE_ONLY_NUMBER 纯数字
TYPE_ONLY_CHAR 纯字母
TYPE_ONLY_UPPER 纯大写字母
TYPE_ONLY_LOWER 纯小写字母
TYPE_NUM_AND_UPPER 数字和大写字母

使用方法:

SpecCaptcha captcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48, 5);
captcha.setCharType(Captcha.TYPE_ONLY_NUMBER);

只有SpecCaptchaGifCaptcha设置才有效果。

5.3.字体设置

内置字体:

字体 效果
Captcha.FONT_1
Captcha.FONT_2
Captcha.FONT_3
Captcha.FONT_4
Captcha.FONT_5
Captcha.FONT_6
Captcha.FONT_7
Captcha.FONT_8
Captcha.FONT_9
Captcha.FONT_10

使用方法:

SpecCaptcha captcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48, 5);

// 设置内置字体
captcha.setFont(Captcha.FONT_1); 

// 设置系统字体
captcha.setFont(new Font("楷体", Font.PLAIN, 28)); 

5.4.输出base64编码

SpecCaptcha specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48, 5);
specCaptcha.toBase64();

// 如果不想要base64的头部data:image/png;base64,
specCaptcha.toBase64("");  // 加一个空的参数即可

5.5.输出到文件

FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:/captcha.png"))
SpecCaptcha specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48, 5);
specCaptcha.out(outputStream);

6.前后端分离项目的使用

 前后端分离项目建议不要存储在session中,存储在redis中,redis存储需要一个key,key一同返回给前端用于验证输入:

@Controller
public class CaptchaController {
    @Autowired
    private RedisUtil redisUtil;
    
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/captcha")
    public JsonResult captcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        SpecCaptcha specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48, 5);
        String verCode = specCaptcha.text().toLowerCase();
        String key = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        // 存入redis并设置过期时间为30分钟
        redisUtil.setEx(key, verCode, 30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
        // 将key和base64返回给前端
        return JsonResult.ok().put("key", key).put("image", specCaptcha.toBase64());
    }
    
    @ResponseBody
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public JsonResult login(String username,String password,String verCode,String verKey){
        // 获取redis中的验证码
        String redisCode = redisUtil.get(verKey);
        // 判断验证码
        if (verCode==null || !redisCode.equals(verCode.trim().toLowerCase())) {
            return JsonResult.error("验证码不正确");
        }
    }  
}

前端使用ajax获取验证码:

<img id="verImg" width="130px" height="48px"/>

<script>
    var verKey;
    // 获取验证码
    $.get('/captcha', function(res) {
        verKey = res.key;
        $('#verImg').attr('src', res.image);
    },'json');
    
    // 登录
    $.post('/login', {
        verKey: verKey,
        verCode: '8u6h',
        username: 'admin'
        password: 'admin'
    }, function(res) {
        console.log(res);
    }, 'json');
</script>

RedisUtil到这里获取https://gitee.com/whvse/RedisUtil


7.自定义效果

 继承Captcha实现out方法,中文验证码可继承ChineseCaptchaAbstract,算术验证码可继承ArithmeticCaptchaAbstract


8.更新日志

  • 2019-08-23 (v1.6.2)

    • 增加10种漂亮的内置字体,不依赖系统字体

    • 增加算术验证码,运算位数可自由配置

    • 增加输出base64编码的功能

    • 增加贝塞尔曲线作为干扰线

  • 2018-08-09 (v1.5.0)

    • 增加纯大写字母、纯小写字母、数字和大写字母配置

    • 增加中文验证码、中文gif验证码

    • 增加抗锯齿效果,优化文字颜色

    • 增加CaptchaUtil便于Web项目使用

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简介

Java图形验证码,支持gif、中文、算术等类型,可用于Java Web、JavaSE等项目。 展开 收起
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