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README
Apache-2.0

Geb 简易文档

效果图

sample

依赖及安装

  • jdk1.7+
  • gradle/maven (2选1)
  • groovy2.3+

jdk1.7 安装(略)

gradle 安装

1 下载

2 解压

3 设置环境变量:添加GRADLE_HOME环境变量指向解压包路径,将GRADLE_HOME/bin添加到path中。

4 测试安装是否成功:打开命令行,输入gradle -v

maven 安装(略)

groovy 安装

可以通过gradle的包管理功能自动进行安装,无需另外安装。如下代码:

compile "org.gebish:geb-core:0.12.2"
compile "org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-firefox-driver:2.45.0"
compile "org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-support:2.45.0"

运行测试

安装完依赖后,下载本示例项目。

在项目根目录中打开命令行窗口,然后输入gradle test,将运行项目下的所有功能测试。

使用

配置

Geb默认的配置文件名为GebConfig.groovy

  • baseUrl

在配置文件中设置了baseUrl后,我们即可在编写测试时直接使用相对路径来定位页面。

配置文件中设置如下

baseUrl = 'http://myapp.com/'

测试类

{
	go "abc"
}

则网址为:http://myapp.com/abc

  • 浏览器支持

WebDriver默认支持FireFox,若要使用其他浏览器进行测试,需要下载相关的driver。 如chrome浏览器需要下载chromedriver(本项目已包含,不需要另外下载)。 更多内容请查看官方文档。

API 语法参考

常用

  • go: 导航至指定页面

  • to: 导航至Page类定义的页面

  • waitFor: 等待页面响应

// 等待页面标题等于某个值
waitFor { title == "Page Title" }

// 語法
waitFor {} // 預設的等待時間
waitFor(10) {} // 最長等待時間為 10 秒
waitFor(10, 0.5) {} // 最長等待時間為 10 秒,每次判斷條件的間隔時間為 0.5 秒
waitFor("quick") {} // 依照自定的等待時間

使用waitFor时,不要使用引用对象,若使用,则每次检查的都是同一个对象

Navigator API

在编写浏览器自动化测试时,需要大量的DOM操作, 幸好Geb提供了类似jQuery的选择器,让我们可以轻松的找到一个DOM

  • $() 方法

用法与jQuery类似

语法结构:

$([css选择器], [index  range], [DOM 元素 attribute  text matchers])

如:

$("div p", 0)
$("div p", title: "something")
$(0)
$(title: "something")

$("p", 0..1)*.text()
$("p", text: "p1").size()
$("p", text: "p1", class: "a").size()

// 正则表达式
$("p", text: ~/p./)
$("p", text: startsWith("p"))
$("p", text: endsWith("2"))
$("p", text: contains(~/\d/)).

Geb提供以下正则表达式方法

方法名 描述
startsWith
contains
endsWith
containsWord
notStartsWith
notContains
notEndsWith
notContainsWord
  • 查找与过滤方法
// 这两个是一样的
$("div").find(".b")
$("div").$(".b")

// 获取 class=b 的 div
$("div").filter(".b")

// 获取不包含 p 且 class=b 的 DOM
$(".b").not("p")

$("div").hasNot("p")
$("div").hasNot("input", type: "text")

// 获取包含 p 的 div
$("div").has("p")

$("div").has("input", type: "text")
  • 遍历方法
$("p.d").previous()
$("p.e").prevAll()
$("p.d").next()
$("p.c").nextAll()
$("p.d").parent()
$("p.c").siblings()
$("div.a").children()
  • 模拟点击
$("a.login").click()
  • 大小与定位
$("div").height == 20
$("div").width == 40
$("div").x == 20
$("div").y == 10
  • Accessing tag name, attributes, text and classes
<p title="a" class="a para">a</p>
<p title="b" class="b para">b</p>
<p title="c" class="c para">c</p>
assert $("p").text() == "a"
assert $("p").tag() == "p"
assert $("p").@title == "a"
assert $("p").classes() == ["a", "para"]
  • CSS 属性
assert $("div").css("float") == "left"
  • 模拟键盘输入
// 模拟输入 foo
$("input") << "foo"
assert $("input").value() == "foo"

// 模拟输入 Ctrl+C
$("input") << Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, "c")
  • 复杂交互

1 直接使用WebDriver APIWebElement

2 使用Actions

def actions = new Actions(driver)
WebElement someItem = $("li.clicky").firstElement()
def shiftClick = actions.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).click(someItem).keyUp(Keys.SHIFT).build()
shiftClick.perform()

3 使用闭包

interact {
    keyDown Keys.SHIFT
    click $("li.clicky")
    keyUp Keys.SHIFT
}

4 列子

拖放

interact {
    clickAndHold($('#draggable'))
    moveByOffset(150, 200)
    release()
}
// 或者
interact {
    dragAndDropBy($("#draggable"), 150, 200)
}
// 或者
interact {
    dragAndDrop($("#draggable"), $("#droppable"))
}

Ctrl+单击

import org.openqa.selenium.Keys

interact {
    keyDown(Keys.CONTROL)
    click($("ul.multiselect li", text: "Order 1"))
    click($("ul.multiselect li", text: "Order 2"))
    click($("ul.multiselect li", text: "Order 3"))
    keyUp(Keys.CONTROL)
}

滚动条

Actions actions = new Actions(driver)
actions.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.id('tab'))).perform()
// 或者
interact {
            clickAndHold($('#tab'))
            release()
}
// 或者
interact {
            click(theUI)
}
// 或者
interact {
            moveToElement(theUI)
}
// 或者使用 js (略)

操作 Frame

(略)

操作 javascript, AJAX 和 动态页面

(略)

处理下载

(略)

Scripts and binding

(略)

测试报告

(略)

测试框架集成

(略)

其他

Geb可以通过继承Page类实现页面的重复使用。

通过继承Module类实现局部页面以便于重复使用。

模拟点击Alert()

driver.switchTo().alert().accept();

更多内容请参考官方文档


参考

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简介

浏览器自动化(Geb)测试示例 展开 收起
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