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Apache-2.0

#miaosha

##项目目标 支撑“小米印度抢购搞挂亚马逊事件”:http://bbs.xiaomi.cn/t-13417592

小米在印度打破了多项记录:

  1. 4分钟内卖出了超过250,000台。 ---OPS:1042次抢购/S
  2. 成为最快的手机抢购活动。
  3. 抢购前我们收到了100万“到货提醒”。
  4. 亚马逊每分钟收到超过500万个点击。
  5. 亚马逊在这个期间每秒收到1500个订单(这是印度电商公司所有销售中最高的)。 ---OPS:1500次下单请求/S

##涉及到的框架说明

  1. MVC框架:http://git.oschina.net/1028125449/SMVC
  2. redis消息队列:http://git.oschina.net/1028125449/message-trunk

##实现结构 恶意请求过滤-->限流-->redis消息队列执行占位操作,获得下单token-->用户传入token下单 如下为抢购流程: 输入图片说明 输入图片说明 输入图片说明 输入图片说明

##请求过滤

  1. 入口只有活动开启前才能获得
  2. 入口恶意用户检测:多秒内多少次请求---可以记录最近10次请求时间,和前第九次请求时间对比

##实时限流器

  1. 实时限流:限制正在处理的请求量(通过消息队列获取正在处理的请求数目)为库存的100倍请求(这个可自定义);
  2. 如果出现了限流器满了,但仍然有库存的情况怎么办?直接拒绝请求,允许用户重新提交请求 ##请求减库存
  3. 请求通过了过滤之后,交给消息队列减库存+下单 ##消息队列处理
  4. 消息队列再次过滤请求是否是恶意的用户
  5. 否则,执行减库存+下单

##各个方案

1. 直接更新数据库:

磁盘IO,开发机器实测2280 OPS,速度太低,当出现海量请求时会导致大量请求线程被阻塞,拒绝后续请求,拖垮整个tomcat和DB。

###2. redis+消息队列+更新数据库(秒杀和下单操作分离)

  • a.用户请求过来,将请求入消息队列;

  • b.消息处理,先减redis库存量,如果减库存成功,则生成下单token存入redis(设定有效期,比如2分钟之内下单有效),等待用户下单(这样就避免下单也面对大量并发);如果减库存失败,则消息记录回到消息队列中,等待再次处理;

  • c.用户下单:判断token是否失效(比对时间)了,如果未失效则扣减库存(也可能扣减库存失败),生成订单;如果已经失效了,则redis库存增加1; 如何确保下单token过期了释放资格?JOB 每分钟扫token缓存,如果失效了的则清除调,并回馈redis缓存(redis库存+1);

  • d、前端用户如何获知抢购成功了(获得了下单资格):ajax轮训查询接口。 说明:为什么要采用轮询而不是用实时的websocket推送?经测试,一台tomcat最多能连接3000个websocket,如果类似抢购的大量用户抢购,机器肯定是扛不住这么多长连接的,而查询用户是否抢购成功也只是查询的redis,因此采用轮询是很好的选择。

  • e、为什么要秒杀和下单操作分离?一方面,秒杀接口可以阻挡大部分并发流程,从而让下单操作错开并发高峰;另一方面,可以让秒杀操作和下单操作从业务上相分离,使得秒杀操作可以独立于订单相关业务。

###3. 防刷过滤器+redis+消息队列+更新数据库 针对第2方案中可能出现被辅助软件而已刷单的现象,可以增加过滤器:如果用户在指定时间内请求多少次,则认为是恶意用户,可以直接将该用户加入黑名单,并在后续的消息队列处理中不给黑名单的用户分配资格。

输入图片说明 输入图片说明 消息队列异步处理流程图:消息队列异步处理流程图

##性能测试

  • 测试环境说明:受限于机器资源有限,以下测试的tomcat、redis、jmeter(version:3.1)均运行于一台“4核、16GB、256SSD”的机器。因此测试结果会偏低很多,相信部到生产环境会有更好的结果。
  • 测试步骤:jmeter持续发送抢购请求,tomcat收到请求,向消息队列推入消息,消息队列收到消息同时开始处理。

25W库存 30W次抢购请求

  • 抢购接口响应: 输入图片说明 测试结果:300000次请求,QPS:1592.077
  • 抢购结果:5:14秒消化完所有抢购消息,处理速度:796个商品/S

25W库存 100W次抢购请求

  • 抢购接口响应: 输入图片说明 测试结果:1066155次请求,QPS:1035.749
  • 抢购结果:13:30秒消化完所有抢购消息,处理速度:308个商品/S(为什么该数据这么低,因为抢购接口持续被请求,占用了大量CPU资源,导致处理消息队列线程池线程无法快速消化消息)

##前端页面 前端技术拙劣,所有前端页面均来自于GitHub上(实在找不到原地址是什么了。。)

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