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BSD-2-Clause

f32c

f32c is a retargetable, scalar, pipelined, 32-bit processor core which can execute subsets of either RISC-V or MIPS instruction sets. It is implemented in parametrized VHDL which permits synthesis with different area / speed tradeoffs, and includes a branch predictor, exception handling control block, and optional direct-mapped caches. The RTL code also includes SoC modules such as a multi-port SDRAM and SRAM controllers, video framebuffers with composite (PAL), HDMI, DVI and VGA outputs with simple 2D acceleration for sprites and windows, floating point vector processor, SPI, UART, PCM audio, GPIO, PWM outputs and a timer, as well as glue logic tailored for numerous popular FPGA development boards from various manufacturers.

In synthetic integer benchmarks the core yields 3.04 CoreMark/MHz and 1.55 DMIPS/MHz with code and data stored in on-chip block RAMs. When configured with 16 KB of instruction and 8 KB of data cache, and with code and data stored in external SDRAM, the core yields 2.97 CoreMark/MHz and 1.52 DMIPS/MHz.

A performance-tuned f32c SoC which includes a timer and an UART occupies only 1048 6-input LUTs, while still being able to execute gcc-generated code when synthesized in the most compact configuration which consumes just 697 (649 logic plus 48 memory) LUTs.

Floating point vector processor can be optionally synthesized. Tested on Xilinx Spartan-6 (xc6slx25) and 7-series (xc7a35i, xc7a102t, xc7z010), Altera Cyclone-4 (EP4CE22) and MAX-10 (10M50DAF), Lattice ECP3 (LFE3-150EA) and ECP5 (LFE5UM-85F). On Artix-7 it uses 3148 LUTs, 64K BRAM, 38 DSP multipliers (36 for divider unit) and can provide up to 3 MFLOPs/MHz.

The Fmax depends on core configuration and FPGA silicon, and tops at around 115 MHz for 90 nm FPGAs (such as Xilinx S3E / S3A or Lattice XP2) up to 185 MHz for latest generations of 6-input LUT FPGAs such as Artix-7.

Configurable options include:

C_arch               RISC-V or MIPS ISA
C_big_endian         bus endianess
C_mult_enable        synthesize multipler unit
C_branch_likely      support branch delay slot annulling
C_sign_extend        support sign extension instructions
C_movn_movz          support conditional move instructions
C_ll_sc              support atomic read-modify-write constructs
C_branch_prediction  synthesize branch predictor
C_bp_global_depth    global branch history trace size
C_result_forwarding  synthesize result bypasses
C_load_aligner 	     synthesize load aligner
C_full_shifter 	     pipelined instead of iterative shifer
C_icache_size        instruction cache size (0 to 64 KB)
C_dcache_size        data cache size (0 to 64 KB)
C_debug              synthesize single-stepping debug module

Pre-compiled gcc-based toolchains for Windows, OS-X and Linux can be found at the FPGArduino page, together with pre-built demo bitstreams for various Xilinx, Altera and Lattice FPGAs, and with further instructions on how to compile RISC-V / MIPS executables using the Arduino IDE.

All VHDL modules are BSD licensed. The majority of software libraries are borrowed from FreeBSD, while some originate from other projects and may be subject to an MIT-style license.

Copyright (c) 2008-2018 Marko Zec, University of Zagreb Copyright (c) 2014-2018 EMARD All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

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